Hoja informativa de la OMS: sobredosis por opioides

La OMS presenta los datos, los riesgos, las respuestas de emergencia y las iniciativas para prevenir las sobredosis por opioides. También ofrece una serie de recomendaciones sobre el tema. Más información, en inglés, está disponible abajo.

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Key facts

• Opioids are psychoactive substances derived from the opium poppy, or their synthetic analogues. Examples are morphine and heroin.
• Worldwide, an estimated 69 000 people die from opioid overdose each year.
• There are an estimated 15 million people who suffer from opioid dependence (i.e. an addiction to opioids). The majority of people dependent on opioids use illicitly cultivated and manufactured heroin, but an increasing proportion use prescription opioids.
• There are effective treatments for opioid dependence yet only 10% of people who need such treatment are receiving it.
• Due to their pharmacological effects, opioids in high doses can cause respiratory depression and death.
• The inexpensive medication naloxone can completely reverse the effects of opioid overdose and prevent deaths due to opioid overdose.

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